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	"metadata":{
		"frontmatter":{
			"date":"25-06-07",
			"lastmod":"25-06-12",
			"tags":null,
			"status":["Completed"],
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			"note-sections":["introduction","outline","main-body","lead-out","key-highlight"]
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			"text":"> 细胞内的膜形成一个在其成分之间交换物质的单一系统",
			"type":"text",
			"x":-120,
			"y":-20,
			"width":474,
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		},
		{
			"id":"2d801d500b7b92cb",
			"styleAttributes":{},
			"text":"**大部分细胞内成分都有膜**：[[细胞核#核膜|核膜]]、内质网、高尔基体、细胞膜、溶酶体、液泡。另外，叶绿体和线粒体也有膜，但不属于内膜系统",
			"type":"text",
			"x":510,
			"y":-49,
			"width":410,
			"height":118
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			"text":"### [[细胞器.canvas|内质网]]\n\n**粗面内质网**利用核糖体合成膜蛋白和分泌蛋白，**光面内质网**参与脂质合成（可用于构成[[细胞膜]]）、毒物代谢（肝细胞）与钙离子储存（肌肉细胞）等过程",
			"type":"text",
			"x":-98,
			"y":420,
			"width":430,
			"height":174
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			"text":"#### 囊泡\n\n",
			"type":"text",
			"x":64,
			"y":670,
			"width":106,
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		{
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			"text":"### 高尔基体\n\n顺面高尔基体接收内质网的转运囊泡\n\n反面高尔基体，运输囊泡融合到细胞膜",
			"type":"text",
			"x":-98,
			"y":800,
			"width":430,
			"height":134
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			"text":"初步折叠与修饰",
			"type":"text",
			"x":-540,
			"y":477,
			"width":260,
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			"text":"## [[化学/生物化学/蛋白质]]的运输",
			"type":"text",
			"x":-520,
			"y":40,
			"width":219,
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		{
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			"text":"---\n~\n---\n### 核膜\n\n[[细胞器.canvas|核糖体]]从核孔离开，附着在与**核膜相连的内质网**上，形成粗面内质网。",
			"type":"text",
			"x":-98,
			"y":180,
			"width":430,
			"height":114
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			"text":"COPI 囊泡与 COPII 囊泡（不同种类囊泡只在特定细胞器间移动）\n\n运输具有**高度方向性和特异性**，依赖：被转运蛋白的**信号序列**；被运输囊泡表面的“SNARE”蛋白（识别目标膜）",
			"type":"text",
			"x":510,
			"y":617,
			"width":410,
			"height":167
		},
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			"text":"另一部分核糖体合成的肽链在[[细胞质]]完成合成和折叠，主要合成胞质蛋白。",
			"type":"text",
			"x":-880,
			"y":193,
			"width":260,
			"height":88
		},
		{
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			"styleAttributes":{},
			"text":"部分游离的核糖体根据 RNA 合成肽链，附着到内质网继续加工。",
			"type":"text",
			"x":-540,
			"y":193,
			"width":260,
			"height":88
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			"id":"35b2ae865478300e",
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			"text":"### 引入\n\n> 当细胞膜转移到高尔基体，细胞上诸如[[细胞物质进出.canvas|转运蛋白]]还会发挥作用吗？\n\n不会。一是会被一定机制送回细胞膜，二是[[细胞器.canvas|高尔基体]]的膜成分和细胞膜略有不同，影响蛋白活性。\n\n> 细胞膜之间有膜的交换，如何保持膜面积平衡的？\n\n依靠[[细胞物质进出.canvas|胞吞胞吐]]作用，由调控信号（膜张力感应器、Rab GTP酶与小G蛋白）调控。\n\n> 囊泡是如何[[细胞质#物质运输|移动]]的？\n\n我一开始忽略了囊泡移动的细节过程，认为其是自主移动的。",
			"type":"text",
			"x":-231,
			"y":-395,
			"width":697,
			"height":346
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			"text":"部分蛋白留在细胞质内",
			"type":"text",
			"x":-960,
			"y":837,
			"width":260,
			"height":60
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			"text":"#### 囊泡\n\n",
			"type":"text",
			"x":64,
			"y":980,
			"width":106,
			"height":60
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			"text":"部分蛋白通过胞吐运出细胞或者留在细胞膜上。",
			"type":"text",
			"x":-540,
			"y":1170,
			"width":260,
			"height":60
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			"text":"蛋白质在高尔基体进行进一步的**糖基化、磷酸化**等化学修饰",
			"type":"text",
			"x":-580,
			"y":839,
			"width":339,
			"height":58
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			"text":"### [[细胞膜]]",
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			"x":51,
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